US equity markets closed with modest gains after a choppy trading session, with investors holding their cards close to their chest ahead of a presidential debate and an inflation report closely watched by Federal Reserve policy makers - Dow rose +16.10 points or +0.04%, to 39,128.26.

 
The broader S&P500 +0.16% to 5,477.91. Shares of major US banks including Morgan Stanley, Citigroup and Bank of America have been boosted by the results of the Fed’s annual banking sector stress test with each of the 31 banks absorbing losses while maintaining capital requirements in an environment assuming 10% unemployment, commercial real estate values plunging 40% and housing prices falling -36%.