Reggio Emilia is not a famous city, nor particularly well-known. It is therefore difficult to imagine that a pedagogical model was born here which, in the 1990s, would become the most famous in the world. Since the Nineteenth century, kindergartens have been created in these lands and models for the education of girls and boys have been experimented with. But Fascism and its ancillary vision of the role of women blocked experimentation and possibilities for twenty years. It will be the participation of women in the Partisan movement that will give a role back to women, who after the war will play a leading role in politics, in society, in associations, in the fight for rights.